北京京西宠物医院

Knowledge

·Poisoning

　　　1. Stopping further absorption of poison is the first and the most important step. Rushing is the preferred measure. If poison is permeating through skin, the victim's skin and hair should be rushed repeatedly by clean water, or dipped into bathtub. While rushing, you have to wear water-proof gloves, gently brushing and washing.
　　① Vomit-accelerator is the urgent measure to discharge poison in stomach. It is effective only soon after poisoning. For over 4-hour poisoning, vomit-accelerator can not be applied as poison has permeated into duodenum.

　　 ② Stomach-washing should be applied when vomit-accelerator can not take effect. It will be most effective in two hours after taking poison. Stomach-washing can discharge stuff in stomach, adjust acidity and alkalinity, roll out simulation to stomach wall and convulsion of pylori constrictor, revive stomach peristalsis and exudation functions. In addition, this method can also be applied in acute gastric dilatation. Liquid for stomach-washing is usually warm salty water, warm boiled water, 1％-2％ NaCl solution, warm suds, thick tea, 1％ soda, etc. Washing liquid proportion should be 5-10 ml per kilogram of weight. Adding 0.02%-0.05% activated carbon into the washing liquid can achieve better effect.
　　③ Asorption measure is to use sorbent like activated carbon to absorb poison onto surface of medicine, accordingly preventing against further permeation to inner body. But it should be noted to use plant activated carbon, not mineral or animal activated carbon. In 30 minutes after taking activated carbon, the victim should take evacuant, simultaneously with vomit-accelerator and stomach-washing. However, activated carbon cannot take effect on cyanide poisoning.
　　④ Bitter aloes can accelerate discharge of gastroenteric poison. Whereas plant oil is forbidden as poison can dissolve in it. 　　

　　2. Accelerated Poison Discharge
　　Diuretic, usually furosemide or mannitolcan, speed up poison elimination from emiction. However, this measure must be taken under the conditions of normal level of water and electrolyte, and normal renal function. In case of no emiction addition, diuretic should be stopped to use again. In case of taking effect, vein liquid supply injection should be applied to avoid dehydration.
　　Changing acidity and alkalinity of emiction can accelerate poison discharge. Taking NH4C1 orally can acidify emiction, soda to cure weak acid compound poisoning such as aspirin and barbital toxicosis, can basify emiction.

·Traumatic eyeball prolapse

　　Traumatic eyeball prolapse is common among short-mouth canis. There are over 30 cases of Pekingese, Bulldog and Japanese Chin, rare long-mouth canis, in average annually according to statistics. In case of suffering the disease, hurt eye should be covered by 10% dextrose dipped gauze or cotton to remain eyeball moisture. Smooth breath is necessary for ache-shocked dogs simultaneously with antibody shock treatment. Hemorrhage dogs should be applied pressing hemostasia, and immediately sent to hospital for wound-cleaning, recovery or provisional sew-up to fix wounded eyeball. As to non-recovered eyeball, pathological removal treatment has to be implemented at last.

·Post-partum convulsions

　　Post-partum convulsions is arose by acute calcium flux (serum calcium less than 7mg/100ml). The symptom features rapid breath, discharge of nasal spumescence liquid, fever over 40℃, jerk, conjunctiva and mucous cyanopathy, high-level oxygen deficiency. In case the disease comes on, the ill dog should be sent to hospital immediately. If possible, it also can be injected 2-15ml 10% calcium gluconate solution into vein slowly. Barbital can also be injected into vein if durative convulsions appear. As to doggies, it is better to stop breeding for several days.

·Pathongeny of epllepsy

　　Pathogeny of epilepsy can be diveded into transmissible epilepsy, such as essential epilepsy, hydrocephalus, portal system turbulence, etc., and disease epilepsy like viral encephalitis, mycoplasmosis, brain tumour, trauma, cryptococcosis, carbon monoxide poisoning, helminth infection and medicine poisoning . In the above cases, pet's master should
　　 1. Avoid tongue to choke respiratory canal and tongue bite;
　　2. Reduce stimulation of light and sound and keep quiet;
　　3. Roll out secretion in mouth;
　　4. Roll out objects possible to hurt the ill dog;
　　5. Not press chest;
　　6. Better use physical methods to low temperature for ill dog with a fever.
　　Finally, ill dog must be sent to hospital for formal treatment on time.

·Emiction stasis

　　Pathogeny of emiction stasis is various, such as urethra obstruction (urethritis, uroliths）, cystic muscle fibre paralysis, bladder rupture, etc. While the disease occurs, the ill animal must be sent to hospital for urgent cure immediately.

　　Treatment: Emiction discharge and pressure reduction for urethra obstruction; to diminish inflammation for urethritis; to roll out calculi or wash urethra for uroliths; immediate paunch to repair bladder for bladder rupture; to insert emiction tube into urethra to provide analeptic for cystic muscle.

·Oystocia

　　The following is symptom of normal give-birth-to-doggy:
　　 Mother dog begins to conceal in somewhere dark 24 hours before doggy born.
　　Mother dog stoppes eating any food and discharges secretion from cunt 12 hours before doggy born.
　　Temperature of mother dog's recta lows 0.6～1 ℃ than the normal 8-12 hours before doggy born.
　　Mouth of cervix rapidly opens 4 hours before a doggy born.
　　Mouth of cervix totally opens and birth pangs start one hour befor doggy born.
　　Placenta will peel off if black and green liquid discharge from cunt. It is necessary to examine pelvis if doggy can not be born in 48 hours. Mother dog will rest for one or two hours after a couple of doggies born. The whole confinement needs 24-30 hours. Almost each caul is eaten by mother dog. So mother dog is easy to get gastroenteritis if she give birth to many doggies. And this disease will occur in 8-12 hours.
　　And original myasthenia dog should be injected 2-15ml 10% calcium gluconate solution into vein and then take uterus-contracting medicine. In accordance with symptom, taking medicine again every 30-40 minutes. Jittery female dog should be taken some anodyne.
　　Caeserean birth is the last choice if the above treatments can not take effect.